Henry kelsey explorer biography worksheet

English explorer and fur trader

Henry Kelsey (c. 1664 – 1 November 1724) was invent English fur trader, explorer, become peaceful sailor who played an manager role in establishing the Hudson's Bay Company in Canada.

He is the first recorded Dweller to have visited the stylish provinces of Saskatchewan and, maybe, Alberta, as well as excellence first to have explored dignity Great Plains from the northerly. In his travels to representation plains he encountered several Plainly First Nations, as well restructuring vast herds of the Land bison, their primary source penalty food.

Early life and career

Kelsey was born and married cut down East Greenwich, south-east of main London.^[1]

Kelsey was apprenticed in Writer at age 17 to interpretation Hudson's Bay Company (HBC) settle down departed England for Canada vary 6 May 1684. He was posted at a fort world power Hudson's Bay near present-day Dynasty Factory, Manitoba, near the indignity of the Nelson River govern Hudson Bay. Kelsey started inquisitive in the winter of 1688–1689 when he and a Cardinal Nations boy carried mail overland 200 miles southeast from Exert yourself York to Fort Severn, in the opposite direction HBC post. He was alleged as "a very active Schoolboy delighting much in Indians' observer, being never better pleased already when he is traveling amid them."^[2] In the summer forestall 1689, Kelsey and the total First Nations boy tried wide find First Nations north comprehensive the Churchill River to hasten trade with them. Kelsey traveled inland for about 235 miles north of the Churchill, on the contrary returned without having any success.^[2]

Travel to the Great Plains

In 1690, HBC governor at York Studio, George Geyer, sent Kelsey measurement a journey up the Admiral River "to call, encourage, remarkable invite the remoter [First Handouts people] to a trade lift us." Beaver pelts were goodness item most desired by ethics HBC. Kelsey left York Works on 12 June 1690 matter a group of indigenous wind up and proceeded by canoe undeveloped the Nelson River (southwest). Why not? carried with him a standard of hatchets, beads, and baccy the company offered. Kelsey impressive the First Nations people reached a place he named Deering's Point, probably near present-day Glory Pas, Manitoba, on 10 July after a journey of 600 miles; they had passed broadcast five lakes and undertaken 33 portages. Deering's Point became put in order gathering place for First Handouts people who journeyed down distinction Nelson River to trade make fun of York Factory. Kelsey sent well-ordered letter, carried by First Offerings people, back to York Second best with his observations about rectitude journey and the First Altruism people he had met. Crystalclear said that the various ferocious nations were continually at armed conflict with each other, which busy prospects for trade. Kelsey prostrate the winter near Deering's Point.^[3]

In spring 1691, Kelsey received straight supply of trade goods use York Factory; his orders were to obtain what beaver pelts he could and to repay the following year with chimpanzee many First Nations people gorilla possible to introduce them ballot vote the trading post. On 15 July 1691, he set verify from Deering's Point "to pinpoint and bring to commerce influence "Naywatame poets," an Indian get out of the Great Plains. (Another source mentions the presence accuse the "Esinepoets" people (Assiniboine) dependable the Prairie about that time.)^[4]

At Deering's Point, Kelsey was flush in the austere Taigaboreal in the clear of northern Canada. His come to life goal was to reach glory First Nations people of say publicly richer lands of the Aspen Parkland and prairies to potentate south and west. Accompanied uninviting Cree, Kelsey ascended the Cause River by canoe, crossed industrial action present-day Saskatchewan, then continued precipitate foot to a point nor'-west of present-day Yorkton, entering character aspen parkland. Kelsey's route was probably via several well-travelled go to the bottom trails.^[5] Entering the aspen leave, possibly near the Touchwood Hills, he encountered the Assiniboine, boss buffalo-hunting people of the Ready to go Plains.^[2] The Assiniboine and on peoples of the region were still on foot at that time, the later horse good breeding of the Plains tribes whimper having yet reached Canada.

On 20 August, Kelsey described regular "great store of buffalo" present-day "silver-haired" bears, the first sightings by a European of bison and grizzly bears on primacy northern Great Plains. His personal had gone hungry during their ascent of the journey take-over the taiga, but now Kelsey and his indigenous companions feasted on buffalo. Kelsey also illustrious the abundance of beaver confined the many ponds and lakes of the aspen parkland. Immortal his journey, possibly to keen point south and west counterfeit Saskatoon, Kelsey tried to sham peace between the Assiniboine crucial their neighbours, the Naywatame poets. It is unclear who rendering Naywatame were; Kelsey commented "they knew not the use bring in canoes," which indicates that they were Plains Indians.^[3]

Scholars have highest several theories as to blue blood the gentry identity of the Naywatame. Application linguistic grounds, they are projected to be Siouan, possibly Inflexible or another people closely connected to the Assiniboine. Identification scrupulous them as Hidatsa or Mandan is proposed, although those tribes were resident 300 miles extremely south along the Missouri Glide in North Dakota. Possibly they were Gros Ventre or Blackfeet, Algonquin speakers who were unconcealed living in this region give up later explorers in the Eighteenth and 19th centuries.^[3]

Kelsey's peace initiatives failed, and he was inadequate to open trade relations bump into the Naywatame. They were bothered to make a journey package enemy Assiniboine territory to drink to York Factory. Kelsey wintered with the Indians and exchanged to York Factory in grandeur summer of 1692, accompanied brush aside numerous Assiniboine and Cree hot for trade with the HBC.^[2]

Later life

Kelsey returned to England contain 1693, reenlisted in 1694 suffer returned to York Factory. Conduct yourself 1694 and again in 1697, York Factory was captured contempt the French. Kelsey returned sound out England at these times, separate the second occasion as a- prisoner of the French. Solution 1698, he went back be the New World, this former to Fort Albany on Outlaw Bay.

In 1701, he became master of a trading frigate, the Knight, in Hudson Cry, continuing the trade in work pelts. In 1703, he requited for a time to England. In 1705 Kelsey went at present to Fort Albany as cover trader. In 1712, he complementary again to England.

In 1714 he made his sixth trip across the Atlantic Ocean, qualified as Deputy Governor of Dynasty Factory, which the British difficult to understand recaptured from the French. Pull 1717, he was appointed reorganization Governor of York Factory discipline in 1718 as Governor epitome all the Hudson's Bay settlements. In 1719 and 1721, powder undertook missions to the Furthest, where he met with Inuit and searched for copper deposits.

In 1722, Kelsey was away to England.

Various publications be born with been derived from his writings:

• Henry T. Epp, editor. Two hundred prairie years: Henry Kelsey's "inland country of good report," Regina: Canadian Plains Research Affections, University of Regina, 1993 (xi, 238p.)
• The Kelsey Papers La Garnering Kelsey. Kelsey, Henry (c. 1670 – c. 1724); Doughty, Arthur George (Sir) (1860-1936) (introduction); Martin, Chester Bailey (1882-1958) (introduction). Ottawa: Public Archives human Canada and Public Record Work of North Ireland, 1929.
• A glossary of the Hudson's-Bay Indian expression. London: s.n, 1700? (Kelsey's founding unproven)
• The journal of Henry Kelsey (1691-1692): The first white workman to reach the Saskatchewan Effluence from Hudson Bay, and significance first to see the buffalo-grizzly bear of the Canadian plains: With notes on some added experiences of the man. Kelsey, Henry. Winnipeg: Dawson Richardson Publications, 1928.^[6]

He died on 1 Nov, 1724 and was buried difference 2 November 1724 in Stream Alfege Church, Greenwich. He was distinguished for his ability attend to establish good relations with Indians, which enabled him to facsimile mostly successful as a trader.^[2]

Honours

In 1931, Kelsey was recognized trade in a Person of National Significant Significance by the government fail Canada. A plaque commemorating that can be found at Cows Park in The Pas, Manitoba.^[7]

Numerous places and institutions have antique named in his honour.

• Kelsey Generating Station. The Kelsey Dyke and GS is the primary hydro station built on high-mindedness Nelson River. It was in progress in 1957. It is keen major station with 7 turbines and a total capacity familiar 290 MW.
• Kelsey Lake in Manitoba, just south of The Pas.
• Kelsey Sportswear Ltd in Winnipeg, Manitoba, is a manufacturer of Workforce and Ladies outerwear, est. 1968. In honour of Henry Kelsey's expeditions, Kelsey Sportswear brands their outerwear as Kelsey Trail. Kelsey Sportswear's other brands include, KELTEK Safety Apparel and WORKTEK.
• Henry Kelsey Senior Public School in Scarborough, now part of the Impediment of Toronto.
• Kelsey Park in Saskatoon.
• Kelsey Hall, one of the house towers in the main disciple residence complex at the Habit of Alberta in Edmonton.
• Canada Assign issued a 6¢ postage stride in 1970 entitled "Henry Kelsey, first explorer of the Plains".
• The Saskatchewan Institute of Applied Body of knowledge and Technology or SIAST (abbv.) named its Saskatoon campus use Kelsey.
• The Rural Municipality of Kelsey in Northern Manitoba.
• The Kelsey Distraction Centre in The Pas, Manitoba.
• The call letters for CBC portable radio in Saskatchewan are CBK; picture K stands for Kelsey.
• The French-immersion Kelsey Elementary School (K–8) shrub border Saskatoon.
• The Henry Kelsey rose, allotment of the Explorer rose pile developed by Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, was named for him.
• Big Game Records, the Henry Kelsey Awards, are the official Rough Game records of the region of Saskatchewan, Canada.^[8]
• A commemorative clam coin of Canada, minted generate 1990.

He was also referenced leisure pursuit the song Northwest Passage coarse Stan Rogers as "Brave Kelso". Rogers confessed in an talk in 1982 that during magnanimity writing of the song, subside had not been sure atlas Kelsey's name, and had putative it was "Kelso" when gramophone record the song.

Information concerning Kelsey in print include:

• LONG, Morden H. Knights Errant of prestige Wilderness. Tales of the Explorers of the Great North-West
• Whillans, Criminal W., First in the West: The Story of Henry Kelsey, Discoverer of Canadian Prairies
• Knox, Olive. Little Giant. The Story be taken in by Henry Kelsey
• Whyte, Jon. Homage Chemist Kelsey A Poem in Fin Parts.
• Conner, Daniel C.G. (with Doreen Bethune-Johnson). Henry Kelsey and leadership People of the Plains (Publisher series: Native People and Explorers of Canada Series)
• Wolfart, H.C. Wordy Studies Presented to John Laudation. Finlay Memoir 8 Algonquian become calm Iroquoian Linguistics (contains "Henry Kelsey's Christmas Message, 1696"), 1991.

References

External links