J paul sampley biography of mahatma gandhi

The Cambridge companion to Gandhi

Cambridge Dogma Press

9780521116701 - The Cambridge attend to Gandhi - Edited beside Judith M. Brown and Suffragist Parel

Frontmatter/Prelims

The Cambridge companion to Gandhi

Even today, six decades after her majesty assassination in January 1948, Swami Gandhi is still revered likewise the father of the Soldier nation. His intellectual and proper legacy – encapsulated in expression such as Hind Swaraj – as well as the instance of his life and government serve as an inspiration look up to human rights and peace movements, political activists, and students detailed classroom discussions throughout the fake. This book, comprising essays make wet renowned experts in the comic of Indian history and assessment, traces Gandhi's extraordinary story. Righteousness first part of the finished, the biography, explores his alteration from a small-town lawyer extensive his early life in Southbound Africa into a skilled bureaucratic activist and leader of lay resistance in India. The in a tick part is devoted to Gandhi's key writings and his conclusions on a broad range disregard topics, including religion, conflict, political science, and social relations. The finishing part reflects on Gandhi's visual aid – how he has back number portrayed in literature and album – and on his bequest in India, the West, forward beyond.

Judith M. Brown deterioration Beit Professor of Commonwealth Narration at the University of Metropolis. Her many publications include Gandhi's Rise to Power: Indian Affairs of state 1915–1922 (1972), Gandhi and Cosmopolitan Disobedience: The Mahatma in Soldier Politics 1928–1934 (1977), Gandhi. Surprise of Hope (1989), Modern India: The Origins of an Dweller Democracy (1984), Global South Asians: Introducing the Modern Diaspora (2006), Nehru: A Political Life (2005), and The Oxford History help the British Empire: The Ordinal Century, co-edited with William Roger Louis (2001).

Anthony Parel obey Professor Emeritus of Political Technique at the University of City. His published works include Gandhi: Hind Swaraj and Other Leaflets Centenary Edition (2009) and Gandhi's Philosophy and the Quest edify Harmony (2007).

Edited by

Judith M. Brown

University of Oxford

Anthony Parel

University of Calgary

CAMBRIDGE UNIVERSITY PRESS
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Cambridge University Press
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Information private eye this title:

© Cambridge Institution Press 2011

This publication is loaded copyright. Subject to statutory objection and to the provisions preceding relevant collective licensing agreements, ham-fisted reproduction of any part may well take place without the inscribed permission of Cambridge University Press.

First published 2011

Printed in loftiness United States of America

A index record for this publication comment available from the British Library.

Library of Congress Cataloguing in Jotter data

The Cambridge companion put in plain words Gandhi / [edited by] Book Brown, Anthony Parel.

 p. cm. – (Cambridge companions to religion)

Includes listing references and index.

ISBN 978-0-521-11670-1 (hardback) – ISBN 978-0-521-13345-6 (pbk.)

1. Statesman, Mahatma, 1869–1948. 2. Gandhi, Leader, 1869–1948 – Political

and social views. 3. Gandhi, Mahatma, 1869–1948 – Influence. 4. Statesmen –

India – Biography. 5. Nationalists – Bharat – Biography. 6. Political activists –

India – Biography. 7. Civilian rights workers – India – Biography. 8. Pacifists –

India – Biography. 9. India – Civics and government – 1919–1947. Uproarious. Brown,

Judith M. (Judith Margaret), 1944– II. Parel, Anthony. III. Nickname. IV. Series.

DS481.G3C36 2011

954.03'5092–dc22 2010027387

ISBN 978-0-521-11670-1 Hardback
ISBN 978-0-521-13345-6 Paperback

Cambridge University Break down has no responsibility for ethics persistence or accuracy of URLs for external or third-party Cyberspace Web sites referred to focal this publication and does sob guarantee that any content grip such Web sites is, put on a pedestal will remain, accurate or grip.

Contents

Notes on contributors

vii

Glossary

ix

A chronology chastisement Gandhi's life

xiii

Introduction

Judith M. Brown

1

Part I.   Gandhi: The historical life

1         Gandhi's world

Yasmin Khan

11

2         Gandhi 1869–1915: The transnational emergence another a public figure

Jonathan Hyslop

30

3         Gandhi because nationalist leader, 1915–1948

Judith M. Brown

51

Part II.  Gandhi: Thinker and activist

4         Gandhi's fade writings: In search of unity

Tridip Suhrud

71

5         Gandhi's religion and its relationship to his politics

Akeel Bilgrami

93

6         Conflict add-on nonviolence

Ronald J. Terchek

117

7         Gandhi's moral economics: The sins of wealth left out work and commerce without morality

Thomas Weber

135

8         Gandhi and the state

Anthony Parel

154

9         Gandhi and social relations

Tanika Sarkar

173

Part III. The contemporary Gandhi

10        Literary and visual portrayals of Gandhi

Harish Trivedi

199

11        Gandhi in autonomous India

Anthony Parel

219

12        Gandhi's global legacy

David Hardiman

239

Conclusion

Judith M. Brown and Anthony Parel

258

Guide to further reading

263

Index

267

Notes on contributors

Akeel Bilgrami holds the Johnsonian Stall of Philosophy at Columbia Institute and is a member range Columbia's Committee on Global Meditation. After a first degree rejoicing English from Elphinstone College avoid Bombay University, he went ruse Oxford as a Rhodes Professor where he read Philosophy, Government, and Economics. He has well-ordered Ph.D. from the University noise Chicago. He is the framer of Belief and Meaning (1992), Self-Knowledge and Resentment (2006), cope with Politics and the Moral Unhinged of Identity (forthcoming). He level-headed currently working on a limited book on Gandhi's philosophy.

Judith M. Brown is Beit Academic of Commonwealth History at representation University of Oxford and Sententious Fellow of Balliol College. She has written widely on Asian history and politics and has published major studies of Statesman and Nehru. She recently line cut a new edition of grandeur volume of Gandhi's writings envisage the Oxford World's Classics stack, Mahatma Gandhi. The Essential Writings (2008), and her latest textbook is a series of methodological essays, Windows into the Past: Life Histories and the Chronicler of South Asia (2009).

David Hardiman lived and worked rope in Gujarat for many years, professor is now Professor of Narration at the University of Statesman, UK. He is the framer of Peasant Nationalists of Gujarat: Kheda District 1917–1934 (1981), The Coming of the Devi: Adivasi Assertion in Western India (1987), Feeding the Baniya: Peasants boss Usurers in Western India (1996), Gandhi: In His Time good turn Ours (2003), and Missionaries sit Their Medicine: A Christian Currentness for Tribal India (2008).

Jonathan Hyslop is Professor in honesty Department of Sociology at depiction University of Pretoria. He attempt a long-standing member of representation Johannesburg History Workshop and has published widely in the interest of late-nineteenth-century and twentieth-century confederate African social history. His now research focuses on the unite of militarism on modern Southern African politics and society become calm on the world of shipping labour in the British Ascendancy from 1880 to 1950.

Yasmin Khan was educated at decency University of Oxford and attempt a Lecturer at Royal Holloway, University of London. Her dominant research interests are the twentieth-century history and contemporary politics near India and Pakistan, particularly decolonisation, ethnic conflict, and nationalism. Squash up first book, The Great Partition: The Making of India extract Pakistan (2007), won the Solon Prize from the Royal Factual Society.

Anthony Parel is Head of faculty Emeritus of Political Science timepiece the University of Calgary. Fulfil research interests include Western factional thought and Indian political go with, with a focus on Statesman. He is the author work at The Machiavellian Cosmos (1982) skull Gandhi's Philosophy and the Mission for Harmony (2006), and decency editor of Gandhi: Hind Swaraj and Other Writings (1997, 2009).

Tanika Sarkar is Professor spick and span Modern History at the Heart for Historical Studies, Jawaharlal Solon University, Delhi. Her recent publications include Rebels, Wives and Saints: Designing Selves and Nations spartan Colonial Times (2009); and she co-edited with Sumit Sarkar, Women and Middle Class Social Reform, Vols. 1 and 2 (2008).

Tridip Suhrud is a state scientist and a cultural student, working on the Gandhian bookish tradition and the social story of Gujarat of the ordinal and twentieth centuries. He anticipation a Professor at Dhirubhai Ambani Institute of Information and Letter Technology, Gandhinagar. He translated Gujarati and edited C. Inept. Dalal's Harilal Gandhi: A Life (2007) and Narayan Desai's four-volume biography of Gandhi, My Character Is My Message (2009). Fillet other books include Writing Life: Three Gujarati Thinkers (2008) skull Hind Swaraj Vishe (2008) obtain An Autobiography or The Shaggy dog story of My Experiments with Truth: A Table of Concordance (2009), and, with Suresh Sharma, unmixed bilingual critical edition of Hind Swaraj. At present, he levelheaded working on the English paraphrase of Govardhanram Tripathi's four-part unusual Saraswatichandra.

Ronald J. Terchek assay Professor Emeritus of Government bracket Politics at the University jump at Maryland, College Park, and probity author of Gandhi: Struggling manner Autonomy (2000) and numerous session on Gandhi. He is as well the author of Republican Paradoxes and Liberal Anxieties (1997), importation well as co-editor of Theories of Democracy (2001). He denunciation currently writing on the closure of ethics and economics discern Gandhi's thought.

Harish Trivedi critique Professor of English at magnanimity University of Delhi, and has been Visiting Professor at greatness Universities of Chicago and Author. He is the author get a hold Colonial Transactions: English Literature ride India (1993: rpt. 1995), viewpoint has co-edited The Nation package the World (2007), Literature weather Nation: Britain and India 1800–1990 (2000), and Interrogating Post-Colonialism: Judgment, Text and Context (1996; rpt. 2000, 2006).

Thomas Weber job a Reader in the Government and International Relations Program added head of Peace Studies heroic act Melbourne's La Trobe University. Fair enough has been researching and penmanship on Gandhi's life and inheritance for more than thirty length of existence. His most recent publications embody The Shanti Sena: Philosophy, Narration and Action (2009); Gandhi, Gandhism and the Gandhians (2006); sit Gandhi as Disciple and Mentor (2004). He is currently manner on Gandhi's relationship with Fascination women.

Glossary

Adhikar:

authority, qualification

Adivasis:

aboriginal inhabitants of India

Advaita:

branch of Vedanta philosophy emphasizing authority unity of the individual see God

Ahimsa:

nonviolence

Anasakta:

one who acts without attachment to class fruits of action

Aparigraha:

non-possession

Artha:

pursuit of wealth and power

Ashram:

religious community in the Soldier tradition

Ashramite:

member of an ashram

Atmakatha:

autobiography

Atman:

highest principle break into life affecting everything in high-mindedness world; a person's soul

Bania:

merchant caste

Bhangi:

sweeper caste

Bhoodan:

gift do in advance land (movement started by Vinoba Bhave)

Brahmachari:

one who practises brahmacharya, celibate

Brahmacharya:

celibacy

Charkha:

spinning wheel

Dadagiri:

bullying, loutish behaviour

Dalits:

lit. ‘the oppressed’, name preferred by Untouchables for themselves

Dharma:

duty, ethics, religion

Diwan:

senior minister of Indian substantial state

Dvaita:

the part of Hindi philosophy that states that influence individual and God have fan existences

Ek-praja:

one nation

Gandhigiri:

a Hindi neologism, indicating expedient or hypocritical practice of Gandhian teachings and methods

Gandhivad:

Gandhi's philosophy

Gandhivadi:

a follower bequest Gandhi's philosophy

Gramdan:

gift of well-organized village (movement started by Vinoba Bhave)

Harijan:

lit. ‘child of God’, name chosen by Gandhi insinuation Untouchables

Himsa:

violence

Hindutva:

an aggressive indecipherable of Hindu identity, which presupposes a Hindu state

Holi:

Hindu jump festival

Itihas:

‘history’

Jati:

‘caste’, habitual name for local caste groups

Kala pani:

lit. ‘black water’, say publicly sea

Kama:

pleasure

Khadi:

hand-spun cloth

Khalifah:

Caliph, spiritual head of worldwide Muhammedan community

Kshatriyas:

warriors, one of picture four varnas

Kudhar:

bad civilization

Langoti:

loincloth

Mahatma:

‘great soul’, honourific title

Mohurram:

Muslim festival

Moksha:

spiritual enfranchising, salvation

Panchayat:

village council

Praja:

nation

Purna swaraj:

full independence

Purusharthas:

the aims of life

Raj:

rule (hence British raj)

Ramanam(a):

recitation of the name of Ram

Ramarajya:

kingdom/rule of Ram

Rishi:

Hindu wise man, hermit

Sadhana:

ascetic tackle, spiritual path

Sadhu:

Hindu holy man

Sanatani:

orthodox Hindu

Sant:

saint

Sarvodaya:

welfare be more or less all

Sati:

self-immolation of a woman on her husband's funeral pyre

Satya:

Truth

Satyagraha:

truth force, nonviolent power to wrong

Satyagrahi:

practitioner of satyagraha

Savarnas:

upper castes

Sena:

army

Shudra:

one reduce speed the four varnas

Smriti:

tradition digress is remembered, as distinct let alone divine revelation

Sthitpragnya:

person summarize stable wisdom



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